[PDF] Identification of acetylated diether lipids in halophilic Archaea | Semantic Scholar (2024)

An in-house library of archaeal lipids is built by using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass-spectrometry and network-coordinated features facilitated the linkage of unknown lipid compounds to phylogeny, which promotes a lipidome to phylogenY matchup among three Haloferax strains, thereby expanding the knowledge of the halobacterial lipidome.

The diversity of archaeal membrane-associated polyterpenes which is correlated with the genomic loci, structural and sequence-based analyses of GGR paralogs is discussed.

The acetyl-CoA-dependent enzyme YvoF is a close relative of maltose O-acetyltransferase (MAT) and partially overlap in substrate and product range in vitro, but MAT is not able to complement the yvoF knock-out in vivo.

This paper reviews some recent phylogenomic studies that have revealed a modified mevalonate pathway for the synthesis of isoprenoid precursors in archaea and suggested that this domain uses an atypical pathway of synthesis of fatty acids devoid of any acyl carrier protein, which is essential for this activity in bacteria and eukaryotes.

Two uncultured archaeal groups are found to reflect the 'archaea-to-eukaryote' membrane transition stage which have led to the current 'lipid divide', and their genetic capacity to synthesize G3P-based 'chimeric lipids' is revealed.

This investigation of the isoprenoid biosynthesis apparatus of archaea on small and large phylogenetic scales reveals that it evolved through a combination of evolutionary processes, including the co‐option of ancestral enzymes, modification of enzymatic specificity, orthologous and non‐orthologous gene displacement, integration of components from eukaryotes and bacteria and lateral gene transfer within and between archaeal orders.

This chapter summarizes the different biosynthetic steps of isoprenoid ether lipid biosynthesis in archaea, describing the underlying enzymatic reactions that have been characterized and the detection of CDP-archaeol synthase and archaetidylserine synthase activities in Methanothermobacter thermautotrophicus suggests that the biochemical steps for the addition of polar head groups on archaeal lipid precursors, might proceed in a manner analogous to fatty acid biosynthesis

It is proposed that common phospholipid polar head groups were present in precells before the differentiation into archaea and bacteria, and played a role in synthesis of the characteristic structures of archaeal and bacterialospholipids.

This review describes the current knowledge of the biosynthetic pathway of archaeal ether lipids; insights on the stability and robustness of Archaeal lipid membranes; and evolutionary aspects of the lipid divide and the LUCA and examines recent advances made in the field of pathway reconstruction in bacteria.

The analysis revealed that the previously uncharacterized bacterial enzymes from group II have GGGPS activity like the archaeal enzymes and differ from the bacterial group I enzymes that are heptaprenylglyceryl phosphate synthases.

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